Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs. It is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide and is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Lung cancer can be broadly categorized into two main types: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Here's some information about these types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for lung cancer:
This is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for about 85% of all cases. NSCLC includes three main subtypes: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.
This type of lung cancer is less common but tends to be more aggressive. It often spreads quickly to other parts of the body.
The leading cause of lung cancer is cigarette smoking. Smoking is responsible for the majority of lung cancer cases.
Exposure to secondhand smoke also increases the risk of lung cancer.
Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that can accumulate in homes and is a known carcinogen.
Exposure to asbestos, arsenic, certain chemicals, and air pollution can increase the risk of lung cancer.
A family history of lung cancer can also contribute to an individual's risk.
X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans can help identify lung nodules or tumors.
A tissue sample is taken for laboratory analysis to confirm the presence of cancer and determine its type.
Once diagnosed, the cancer is staged to determine its extent and guide treatment decisions.
Surgical removal of the tumor is an option for early-stage lung cancer.
High-energy beams are used to target and destroy cancer cells.
Medications are used to kill cancer cells or stop their growth.
This treatment enhances the body's immune system to fight cancer cells.
Drugs are used to target specific molecules involved in cancer growth.
For advanced cases, symptom management and improving quality of life is essential.
Lung cancer prognosis varies widely depending on the stage at diagnosis and the type of lung cancer. Early detection and treatment can significantly improve survival rates.
Prevention is crucial in the case of lung cancer. Avoiding tobacco, reducing exposure to environmental risk factors, and getting regular check-ups can help reduce the risk of developing this disease. If you suspect you may have symptoms of lung cancer or are at risk, consult a healthcare professional for a proper evaluation and guidance on managing your health.